Boat winches

A winch is a mechanical device mounted on the deck of a boat that enables a sailor or crew to apply, control and ease loads on halyards, sheets, control lines or reefing systems. 

In sailing applications, using a dedicated winch allows you to trim sails efficiently, hold loads under tension and reduce physical effort significantly. Without the correct winch size or performance, you risk inefficient sail handling or additional crew fatigue.

Selecting the right winch involves considering factors such as boat size, sail area, intended load and crew capability. Smaller vessels typically use one-speed manual winches, while larger or performance boats benefit from two-speed or multi-drum self-tailing winches for added mechanical advantage and ease of trimming under load. Ensure the winch manufacturers’ ratings correspond to the line loads in your sail plan. A properly-matched winch improves safety and trimming performance.

Manual winches require hand-cranking via a winch handle, suitable for simpler, lighter use. Self-tailing winches include a built-in mechanism that grips the line automatically, allowing single-hand operation and freeing one hand for other tasks. 

Electric or hydraulic winches are powered and ideal for heavy loads, offshore racing or large cruising yachts where ease and speed are critical. Consider your boat’s size, deck layout and typical sail loads when selecting the style.

Routine maintenance is key. Regularly rinse winches with fresh water after salt-water use, check for signs of corrosion, wear on pawls and bearings, line groove condition and ensure winch handles seat properly. 

Annually or bi-annually disassemble the drum, clean and re-grease bearings, inspect for cracks or fatigue in alloy parts, and replace worn components. Well-maintained winches support safe and smooth sail handling season after season.

While a larger winch might seem like a universal upgrade, there are important compatibility factors: deck strength (bulkhead / under-deck support), clearance for the winch drum and handle, line-lead angles, fairleads, traveller positions and winch handle room. 

Installing a winch that is too large or in a poorly positioned spot may lead to sub-optimal line flow, increased chafe or difficult operation. It’s best to evaluate your deck layout, consult the manufacturer’s recommendations and match your sailing style before selecting a winch.